Atributos físico-químicos de um latossolo vermelho distrófico sob uso florestal e agrícola no Cerrado Brasileiro

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the physicochemical attributes of a RED LATOSOL, under four agricultural systems in the Brazilian Cerrado, and verify which is the most conservationist. The areas are: pine (PN), eucalyptus (EUC), native forest (MN) and soybean-corn (AM) cultivation, with the three forest species planted in 1986 and the agricultural one in 2017. The experimental design was DBC, with four treatments and repetitions. Soil sampling was carried out in the 0-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m layers in the forest areas, and 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m in the agricultural area, being evaluated: macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), total porosity (Pt), bulk density (Bd), clay, silt and sand, carbon stock (CS), macro and micronutrients, organic matter (OM), pH (CaCl2), potential acidity (H+Al), cation exchange capacity (CEC) at pH 7.0, sum of bases (SB) and base saturation (BS). The EUC showed promise in maintaining soil quality and can be considered the most sustainable among the evaluated systems, due to the lowest value of Bd, and the highest of CS, MO, CIC, K, Mg, Mn, Fe and Cu. Provide greater soil protection against erosion, greater soil fertility and more favorable conditions for nutrient cycling.