Una arquitectura para la recopilación, integración y análisis de información en el contexto de la internet de las cosas:Caso estudio: aplicaciones en el sector agrícola

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is advancing rapidly. It is a network where devices or objects converge, connect and interact with other objects or people, generating large volumes of raw data that need to be transmitted in real time to the internet, to be stored, processed, and converted into useful information for decision making and also for monitoring and control processes. This work presents an Architecture for Information Collection, Integration, and Analysis in the context of the Internet of Things, aiming to serve as a guide for the implementation of IoT solutions, considering the multiple challenges in this field. These challenges include improving the speed of data capture and processing of big data, and integrating diverse data sources in different formats to provide a single access point for monitoring and control tasks, as well as for visualization and analytics applications (including customized queries and reports, business intelligence, decision support systems (DSS), data mining and machine learning). The proposed architecture has been validated through the development of an IoT application focused on Precision Agriculture, which enables the monitoring of variables such as climate, soil, agricultural crops, and irrigation needs. Some variables are obtained through a wireless sensor network (WSN), transactional systems and others from external sources. The application also allows the control of actuators (solenoid valves and water pumps) installed in an experimental banana crop plot. The data captured by the WSN are transmitted to the cloud for processing and consumption. The results have been satisfactory in terms of resource optimization (water and labor), costs and time.