Indicadores de qualidade microbiológica do solo e espectroscopia infravermelha na produtividade de sorgo sob diferentes sistemas de manejo no Cerrado brasileiro

Abstract

Currently, due to inadequate management of Brazilian soils and the search for high yields, management alternatives that provide improvements in soil attributes are sought. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the soil quality through the physical, chemical and biological attributes of an OXISOL with clay texture, in addition to the phytotechnical parameters of sorghum in different management systems. The experiment was conducted at the Teaching, Research and Extension Farm of UNESP, Ilha Solteira campus. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, 7 treatments and 4 replications, as follows: moldboard plow, minimum tillage, heavy harrow, consolidated no-tillage, no-tillage implanted on moldboard plow, notillage implanted on minimum tillage and no-tillage implanted on heavy grid. Soil samples were collected to determine the chemical and physical quality of the soil, in addition to the collection of sorghum plants to evaluate phytotechnical parameters. There was no statistical difference for the chemical attributes evaluated. The minimum tillage treatment presented itself as the best management system when evaluating resistance to penetration in depth. The management systems influenced the evaluated biological attributes, the no-till management system presented the best carbon value of the microbial biomass, however, the heavy grid management system presented a high value of metabolic quotient, low efficiency and the lowest value of microbial quotient. The phytotechnical parameters evaluated showed no statistical difference for the management systems studied.