Income inequality treatment in international cyber-mediacontent analysis from media hybrid system perspective

  1. Pérez Arozamena, Rosa 1
  2. Odriozola Chéné, Javier 1
  1. 1 Universidad Europea del Atlántico
    info

    Universidad Europea del Atlántico

    Santander, España

Journal:
Hipertext.net: Revista Académica sobre Documentación Digital y Comunicación Interactiva

ISSN: 1695-5498

Year of publication: 2020

Issue Title: Number 20

Issue: 20

Type: Article

DOI: 10.31009/HIPERTEXT.NET.2020.I20.02 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Hipertext.net: Revista Académica sobre Documentación Digital y Comunicación Interactiva

Abstract

The media have played a key role shaping the public opinion. However, since the burst of the Internet, the role of old media (legacy media) has been questioned due to the emergence of new contributors that have led to the establishment of a hybrid media system. In this context, the objective of this communication is to build a methodological tool, based on content analysis. This tool goes in depth on changes that are being developed in the cyber-media to help to explain how the journalistic production process is being transformed. In this way, at a second stage, the results obtained will be complemented by in depth interviews to obtain a complete understanding of the processes. This process will avoid the potential deficiencies of the selected technique, focused on the final product. To this end, this design focuses on the study of income inequality, to delve into construction, evolution and importance of the concept in the cyber-agenda through a longitudinal tool (2009-2018) and applicable in an international context.

Bibliographic References

  • Alencar, A., y Kruikemeier, S. (2018). Audiovisual infotainment in European news: A comparative content analysis of Dutch, Spanish, and Irish television news programs. Journalism, 19(11), 1534-1551. https:// doi.org/10.1177/1464884916671332
  • Anderson, C. W., Bell, E., y Shirky, C. (2012). Post-Industrial Journalism: Adapting to the Present [web]. https://academiccommons.columbia. edu/doi/10.7916/D8N01JS7
  • Aruguete, N. (2015). El poder de la agenda: Política, medios y público. Biblos.
  • Asociación de la Prensa de Madrid (2018). Informe Anual de la Profesión Periodística [web]. https://www.apmadrid.es/wp-content/ uploads/2019/07/Informe-profesi%C3%B3n-2018_baja.pdf
  • Becker, B. y Wehner, J. (2001). Electronic Networks and Civil Society. En Ess, C. (Ed.). Culture, Technology, Communication: Towards an Intercultural Global Village (pp. 67-86). SUNY Press.
  • Benkler, Y. (2006). The wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedom. Yale UP.
  • Berrocal Gonzalo, S., Redondo García, M. y Campos Domínguez, E. (2014). La presencia del infoentretenimiento en los canales generalistas de la TDT española. Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, (69), 85-103.
  • Bhargava, R. (2009). Manifesto For The Content Curator: The Next Big SocialMedia Job Of The Future? [web]. https://www.rohitbhargava. com/2009/09/manifesto-for-the-content-curator-the-next-big-social-media-job-of-the-future.html
  • Bruns, A. y Highfield, T. (2015). From news blogs to news on Twitter: Gatewatching and collaborative news curation. En: Coleman, S. y Freelon, D. Handbook of digital politics (pp. 325-339). Edward Elgar Publishing.
  • Chadwick, A. (2013). The Hybrid Media System. Politics and Power. Oxford University Press.
  • Dearing, J. W., y Rogers, E. M. (1996). Agenda-Setting. Sage.
  • Denzin, N.K. (1970). Sociological Methods: a Source Book. Aldine Publishing Company.
  • Diel, S. (2017). New Media, Legacy Media and Misperceptions Regarding Sourcing. KOME − An International Journal of Pure Communication Inquiry, 5(1), 104–120. https://doi.org/10.17646/KOME.2017.17
  • Downs, A. (1972). Up and down with ecology-The issue-attention cycle. Public interest, 28, 38-50.
  • Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward Clarification of a Fractured Paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51-58. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x
  • Galtung, J., y Ruge, M. H. (1965). The structure of foreign news: The presentation of the Congo, Cuba and Cyprus crises in four Norwegian newspapers. Journal of peace research, 2(1), 64-90.
  • Gamson, W. A., y Modigliani, A. (1987). The changing culture of affirmative action. En: Braungart, R. (Ed.). Research in political sociology (pp. 137-177). Jai Press.
  • García-Clemente, J.V., Clemente-Fernández, M.D., y López-Aboal, M. (2013). La organización de las redacciones en los nuevos diarios digitales españoles y su relación con los nuevos modelos de negocios. Textual y Visual Media, 6, 141-160. http://www.textualvisualmedia. com/index.php/txtvmedia/article/view/81/66
  • Golding, P., y Elliott, P. (1979). Making the news (Vol. 8). Longman.
  • Gross, K. (2008). Framing persuasive appeals: Episodic and thematic framing, emotional response, and policy opinión. Political Psychology, 29(2), 169-192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9221.2008.00622.x
  • Guallar, J; Leiva-Aguilera, J. (2013). El content curator. Guía básica para el nuevo profesional de internet. UOC.
  • Harcup, T., y O’Neill, D. (2017). What is News? Journalism Studies, 18(12), 1470-1488. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2016.1150193
  • Hester, J. B., y Dougall, E. (2007). The efficiency of constructed week sampling for content analysis of online news. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 84(4), 811–824. https://doi. org/10.1177/107769900708400410
  • Kiousis, S. (2004). Explicating media salience: A factor analysis of New York Times issue coverage during the 2000 U.S presidential election. Journal of Communication, 54(1), 71-87. https://doi.org/10.1093/ joc/54.1.71
  • Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content Analysis. An Introduction to Its Methodology. Sage.
  • Kuznets, S. (1955). Economic Growth and Income Inequality. The American Economic Review, 45(1), 1-28.
  • Labio-Bernal, A. (2008). Periodismo de entretenimiento: La trivialización de la prensa de referencia. Estudios sobre el mensaje periodístico, 14, 435-447.
  • Logan, R. (2010). Understanding New Media: Extending Marshall McLuhan. Peter Lang.
  • Lozano, J.C. (2004). Infotainment in national TV news: A comparative analysis of Mexican, Canadian and U.S. news programs. Actas de la Annual Conference of the International Association for Media and Communication Research. IAMCR/AIERI.
  • Masip, P.; Ruiz-Caballero, C.; Suau, J. (2019). Active audiences and social discussion on the digital public sphere. Review article. El profesional de la información, 28(2), https://doi.org//10.3145/epi.2019. mar.04
  • McKay, A. (2002). Defining and measuring inequality (Nº 1) [web]. https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/3804.pdf
  • McCall, L. (2015). American Beliefs about Income Inequality: What, When, Who and Why? En A. S. Wharton (Ed.). Working in America: Continuity, Conflict, and Change in a New Economic Era (pp.185-200). Routledge.
  • McCombs, M. (2006). Estableciendo la agenda: El impacto de los medios en la opinión pública y en el conocimiento. Paidós.
  • McCombs, M., y Evatt, D. (1995). Los temas y los aspectos: Explorando una nueva dimensión de la agenda setting. Comunicación y sociedad, 8(1), 7-32.
  • Milanovic, B. (2010). The Haves and the Have-Nots: A Brief and Idiosyncratic History of Global Inequality. Basic Books.
  • Milanovic, B. (2016). Global inequality: A new approach for the age of globalization. Harvard University Press.
  • Mompart, J. L. (2009). From quality journalism to speculative journalism. Transfer: Journal of Contemporary Culture, 4, 51-61.
  • Neuendorf, K. A. (2002). The Content Analysis Guidebook. Sage.
  • O’Reilly, T. (2009). What is Web 2.0. O’Reilly Media.
  • Odriozola-Chéné, J., Pérez-Arozamena, R., y Fernández-Planells, A. (2019). El papel de los legacy media en la construcción de la opinión pública: conceptualización, enfoques y participación de las audien- cias en el tratamiento de la desigualdad económica en seis cibermedios españoles. XXV Congreso Internacional de la Sociedad Española de Periodística: Oportunidades y riesgos del periodismo hiperconectado, Bilbao, España.
  • Otto, L., Glogger, I., y Boukes, M. (2017). The Softening of Journalistic Political Communication: A Comprehensive Framework Model of Sensationalism, Soft News, Infotainment, and Tabloidization. Communication Theory, 27(2), 136-155. https://doi.org/10.1111/ comt.12102
  • Pérez-Altable, L., Pérez-Arozamena, R., Linares-Lanzman, J., Odriozola-Chéné, J., Fernández-Planells, A., Serrano-Tellería, A., y Díaz-Noci, J. (2020). The Crisis, the People and the Media: How Digital Public Opinion Debates on Economic Inequality. En Peña-Fernández, S., Meso-Ayerdi, K. y Larrondo Ureta, A. (Eds.), Active Audiences. Empowering Citizens’ Discourse in the Hybrid Media System (pp.131-143). McGraw-Hill.
  • Petterson, M. A. (2003). Anthropology y Mass Communication: Media and Myth in the New Millennium. Berghahn Books
  • Philips, A. (2010). Old Sources: New Bottles. En N. Fenton (Ed.), New media, Old News: Journalism and Democracy in the Digital Age (pp. 87-101). Sage.
  • Piketty, T. (2013). Le Capital au XXIe siècle. Seuil.
  • Ray, D. (1998). Development Economics. Princeton University Press.
  • Redden, J. (2011). Poverty In The News. Information, Communication y Society, 14(6), 820-849. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369 118X.2011.586432
  • Seligson, M. A., y Passé-Smith, J. T. (2008). Development and Underdevelopment: The Political Economy of Global Inequality. Lynne Rienner.
  • Semetko, H. A., y Valkenburg, P. M. (2000). Framing European politics: A content analysis of press and television news. Journal of communication, 50(2), 93-109. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.
  • Sjøvaag, H., y Stavelin, E. (2012). Web media and the quantitative content analysis: Methodological challenges in measuring online news content. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 18(2), 215–229. https://doi. org/10.1177/1354856511429641
  • Soroka, S. N. (2002). Issue attributes and agenda-setting by media, the public, and policymakers in Canada. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 14(3), 264-285. https://doi.org/10.1093/ ijpor/14.3.264
  • Stiglitz, J. (2012). The Price of Inequality. Penguin.
  • Strodthoff, G. G., Hawkins, R. P., y Schoenfeld, A. C. (1985). Media Roles in a Social Movement: A Model of Ideology Diffusion. Journal of Communication, 35(2), 134-153. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1985.tb02239.x
  • The Nobel Prize. (n.d.a). Award ceremony speech [web]. https://www. nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1971/ceremony-speech/
  • The Nobel Prize. (n.d.b). The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1971 [web]. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1971/summary/
  • Thompson, J. B., (2005). The New Visibility. Theory, Culture y Society, 22(6), 31-51. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276405059413
  • Thompson, J. B., (1998). Los Media y la modernidad: una teoría de los medios de comunicación. Paidós.
  • Thrall, A. T., Lollio-Fakhreddine, J., Berent, J., Donnelly, L., Herrin, W., Paquette, Z., … Wyatt, A. (2008). Star Power: Celebrity Advocacy and the Evolution of the Public Sphere. The International Journal of Press/ Politics, 13(4), 362–385. https://doi.org/10.1177/1940161208319098
  • Toffler, A. (1980). The third wave. William Morrow.
  • Tuchman, G. (1978). Making News: A Study in the Construction of Reality. The Free Press.
  • Westlund, O. (2013). Mobile news: A review and model of journalism in an age of mobile media. Digital Journalism, 1(1), 6-26. https://dx.doi. org/10.1080/21670811.2012.740273
  • Wilkinson, R. G., y Pickett, K. (2009). The Spirit Level. Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better. Allen Lane.
  • Zhu, J. H. (1992). Issue competition and attention distraction: A zero-sum theory of agenda-setting. Journalism Quarterly, 69(4), 825-836. https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909206900403