Preconceito dos estudantes universitários em relação à deficiênciaUm estudo exploratório

  1. Pousada, Thais 1
  2. Nogueira, Marta 2
  3. Garabal-Barbeira, Jessica 1
  4. Sousa, Célia 3
  1. 1 Universidade da Coruña, Centro de Investigación en las TIC, Grupo de Investigación TALIONIS, Espanha
  2. 2 Escola Superior de Educação e Ciências Sociais do Politécnico de Leiria, Centro de Investigação em Qualidade de Vida (CIEQV), Portugal
  3. 3 Escola Superior de Educação e Ciências Sociais do Politécnico de Leiria, Centro de Recursos para a Inclusão Digital (CRID), Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais da Universidade Nova (CICS.NOVA), Pólo do Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
Mostrar afiliaciones +
Revista:
Revista Portuguesa de Investigação Comportamental e Social: RPICS

ISSN: 2183-4938

Año de publicación: 2023

Título del ejemplar: In progress (May); 1–18

Volumen: 9

Número: 1

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.31211/RPICS.2023.9.1.294 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista Portuguesa de Investigação Comportamental e Social: RPICS

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Background: The inclusion of people with disabilities in higher education is a significant social and academic challenge. Prejudice towards people with disabilities can pose a substantial barrier to their integration and academic success, making it essential to understand the factors among university students. Objective: This descriptive and cross-sectional study primarily focused on prejudice towards disability and aimed to (1) investigate the presence of prejudice and attitudes among university students towards disability; (2) ascertain whether prejudices and attitudes are influenced by demographic, academic factors, or previous contact with people with disabilities; and (3) explore the relationship between prejudice and specific attitudes towards intellectual disability. Methods: The sample included 104 students from the School of Education and Social Sciences at the Polytechnic Institute of Leiria. A questionnaire on prejudice and two scales on attitudes toward disability were used. Results: The data suggest low prejudice towards disability, with favorable attitudes towards intellectual disability. No relationship was found between prejudice and sex, age, or level of studies. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between general prejudice and specific attitudes toward intellectual disability. A significant relationship was found between socioeconomic status and prejudice. Conclusions: These findings can be fundamental in informing future interventions and inclusive policies aimed at promoting a more inclusive and receptive higher education environment.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Akrami, N., Ekehammar, B., Claesson, M., & Sonnander, K. (2006). Classical and modern prejudice: Attitudes toward people with intellectual disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 27(6), 605–617. https://doi.org/d973nx
  • Allport, G. W. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Addison-Wesley.
  • Alonso, M., Navarro, R., & Lidón, V. (2007). Actitudes hacia la diversidad en estudiantes universitarios [Jornades de Foment de la Investigació] (pp. 476–491). Universitat Jaume. https://bit.ly/3IcWgHp
  • Antunes, A. P., & Faria, C. P. (2013). A universidade e a pessoa com necessidades especiais: Estudo qualitativo sobre perceções de mudança social, institucional e pessoal. Indagatio Didactica, 5(2), 474–488. https://doi.org/j9vc
  • Baldomir Cabanas, C., Gándara Insua, L., Madrid Martínez, P., Méndez Gallego, Z., Pousada García, T., Sánchez Fernández, M., & Seijas Ramos, S. (2017). Ventanas a la diversidad: Guía de actuación y buenas prácticas en materia de diversidad de la UDC. Universidade da Coruña.
  • Bárcena, S., Cruz, E., & Jenkins, B. (2018). Actitudes y estereotipos en estudiantes del área de la salud hacia personas con discapacidad motriz. Revista Española de Discapacidad, 6(1), 199–219. https://doi.org/j9vf
  • Barr, J. J., & Bracchitta, K. (2015). Attitudes toward individuals with disabilities: The effects of contact with different disability types. Current Psychology, 34(2), 223–238. https://doi.org/f7jmxk
  • Campos Pinto, P., & Neca, P. (2020). Pessoas com deficiência em Portugal: Indicadores de Direitos Humanos 2020. Observatório da deficiência e direitos humanos. https://bit.ly/3OkGiyC
  • Cerrillo, R., Izuzquiza Gasset, D., & Egido Gálvez, I. (2013). Inclusión de jóvenes con discapacidad intelectual en la Universidad. Revista de Investigación en Educación, 11(1), 41–57. https://bit.ly/42SEC4d
  • Coulon, A. (2008). A condição de estudante: A entrada na vida universitária. Editora da Universidade Federal da Bahia. https://bit.ly/3W3Vbrc
  • Deal, M. (2007). Aversive disablism: Subtle prejudice toward disabled people. Disability and Society, 22(1), 93–107. https://doi.org/cg7dvv
  • Dovidio, J. F., Gaertner, S. L., & Kawakami, K. (2003). Intergroup contact: The past, present, and the future. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 6(1), 5–21. https://doi.org/d3xtn4
  • Findler, L., Vilchinsky, N., & Werner, S. (2007). The multidimensional attitudes scale toward persons with disabilities (MAS): Construction and validation. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 50(3), 166–176. https://doi.org/chwbhv
  • Fundación Universia. (2021). Universidad y discapacidad. V Estudio sobre el grado de inclusión del sistema universitario español respecto de la realidad de las personas con discapacidad. https://bit.ly/3Oe1u9E
  • Garabal-Barbeira, J., Pousada García, T., Espinosa Breen, P. C., & Saleta Canosa, J. L. (2018). Las actitudes como factor clave en la inclusión universitaria. Revista Española de Discapacidad, 6(1), 181–198. https://doi.org/j9vg
  • Garabal-Barbeira, J., Espinosa Breen, P. C., & Posada García, T. (2023). Inclusion at university and prejudice towards disability: the influence of contact in the academic field [Manuscrito submetido para publicação]. Centro de Investigación en las TIC, Grupo de Investigación TALIONIS, Universidade da Coruña.
  • García Reyes, J. (2019). Las expresiones de los estudiantes de instituciones de nivel superior en torno a las personas con discapacidad. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa, 21, Artigo e10. https://doi.org/j9vh
  • Getzel, E. E., & Thoma, C. A. (2008). Experiences of college students with disabilities and the importance of self-determination in higher education settings. Career Development for Exceptional Individuals, 31(2), 77–84. https://doi.org/dx8v89
  • Gómez, V., & Infante, M. (2004). Actitudes de los estudiantes de educación hacia la integración de personas con discapacidad y hacia la educación multicultural. Cultura y Educación, 16(4), 371–383. https://bit.ly/41ytI21
  • Guerrero Flores, G. (2021). Rasgos de personalidad y su relación con la actitud hacia personas con discapacidad en estudiantes universitarios. Universidad Técnica de Ambato. https://bit.ly/3MuupoM
  • Gurdián Fernández, A., Vargas Dengo, M. C., Delgado Álvarez, C., Sánchez Prada, A., Gurdián Fernández, A., Vargas Dengo, M. C., Delgado Álvarez, C., & Sánchez Prada, A. (2020). Validación de una escala de prejuicios hacia personas con discapacidad. Actualidades Investigativas en Educación, 20(2), 56–83. https://doi.org/j9vj
  • Heiman, T., & Precel, K. (2003). Students with learning disabilities in higher education: Academic strategies profile. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36(3), 248–258. https://doi.org/b5kst3
  • Instituto Nacional de Estatística. (2021). Censos 2021. https://bit.ly/3W8GT8Q
  • Lewis, S., & Stenfert-Kroese, B. (2010). An investigation of nursing staff attitudes and emotional reactions towards patients with intellectual disability in a general hospital setting. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23(4), 355–365. https://doi.org/dvm36t
  • Lima, T. M. (2003). Seixas, Ana Maria, políticas educativas e ensino superior em Portugal: A inevitável presença do Estado. Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais, 66, 179–180. https://doi.org/j9vk
  • Lozano, L. M., García-Cueto, E., & Muñiz, J. (2008). Effect of the number of response categories on the reliability and validity of rating scales. Methodology, 4(2), 73–79. https://doi.org/fs3nhv
  • Martínez Martín, M., & Bilbao León, M. (2011). Los docentes de la universidad de Burgos y su actitud hacia las personas con discapacidad. Siglo Cero: Revista Española Sobre Discapacidad Intelectual, 42(240), 50–78. https://bit.ly/42Ue4iq
  • McDougall, J., DeWit, D. J., King, G., Miller, L. T., & Killip, S. (2004). High school‐aged youths’ attitudes toward their peers with disabilities: The role of school and student interpersonal factors. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 51(3), 287–313. https://doi.org/cs7jgt
  • McManus, J. L., Feyes, K. J., & Saucier, D. A. (2010). Contact and knowledge as predictors of attitudes toward individuals with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 28(5), 579–590. https://doi.org/bnm3wz
  • Monsuri-Rosado, J., & Pinazo-Hernandis, S. (2016). Actitudes de los estudiantes de enfermería hacia las personas con discapacidad: Análisis y propuestas. Index de Enfermería, 25(1), 114–118. https://bit.ly/41IDnmJ
  • Nieto Carmona, C., & Moriña Díez, A. (2021). Barreras y facilitadores para la inclusión educativa de personas con discapacidad intelectual. Siglo Cero, 52(4), 29–49. https://doi.org/j9vm
  • Novo-Corti, I., Muñoz-Cantero, J. M., & Calvo-Porral, C. (2011). Análisis de las actitudes de los jóvenes universitarios hacia la discapacidad: Un enfoque desde la teoría de la acción razonada. RELIEVE, 17(2), Artigo 5. https://doi.org/j9vn
  • Organização Mundial da Saúde. (2011). Relatório mundial sobre a deficiência. Secretaria de Estado dos Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência de São Paulo. https://bit.ly/3Btv0kc
  • Pallant, J. (2020). SPSS survival manual: A step by step guide to data analysis using IBM SPSS (7ª ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/grm4
  • Patka, M., Keys, C. B., Henry, D., & McDonald, K. E. (2013). Attitudes of Pakistani community members and staff toward people with intellectual disability. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 118(1), 32–43. https://doi.org/f4k84b
  • Pérez-Grande, M., García de Dujo, Á., & Martín García, A. V. (1999). Prejuicios, estereotipos y otras profecías autocumplidoras: Un reto para la educación intercultural. Pedagogía Social: Revista Interuniversitaria, 3, 125–146. https://bit.ly/3nXtWSC
  • Rodríguez-Martín, A., & Álvarez- Arregui, E. (2014). Estudiantes con discapacidad en la universidad. Un estudio sobre su inclusión. Revista Complutense de Educación, 25(2), 457–479. https://doi.org/j9vp
  • Rodríguez-Martín, A., & Álvarez-Arregui, E. (2015). Universidad y discapacidad: Actitudes del profesorado y de estudiantes. Perfiles Educativos, 37(147), 86–102. https://bit.ly/3IeCyuK
  • Rodríguez Rubiano, L., & Ramírez, L. (2012). Actitudes hacia la discapacidad: La influencia de variables individuales y contextuales: Una revisión de literatura. Universidad del Rosario. https://doi.org/j9wq
  • Scior, K. (2011). Public awareness, attitudes and beliefs regarding intellectual disability: A systematic review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(6), 2164–2182. https://doi.org/b9wcbd
  • Siperstein, G. N., Norins, J., Corbin, S. B., & Shriver, T. (2003). Multinational study of attitudes toward individuals with intellectual disabilities: General findings and calls to action. A Special Olympics Report. Special Olympics Inc. https://bit.ly/3nTMnaR
  • Strohmer, D. C., Grand, S. A., & Purcell, M. J. (1984). Attitudes toward persons with a disability: An examination of demographic factors, social context, and specific disability. Rehabilitation Psychology, 29(3), 131–145. https://doi.org/drb6dh
  • Suriá Martínez, R. (2011). Análisis comparativo sobre las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia sus compañeros con discapacidad. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 9(1), 197–216. https://bit.ly/3o197FF
  • Suriá Martínez, R. (2017). Creencias entre los estudiantes universitarios hacia la discapacidad: Análisis de su evolución entre generaciones. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology INFAD Revista de Psicología, 4(1), 53–162. https://doi.org/j9vq
  • Suriá, R., Bueno, A., & Rosser, A. (2011). Prejuicios entre los estudiantes hacia las personas con discapacidad: Reflexiones a partir del caso de la Universidad de Alicante. Alternativas, 18, 75–90. https://bit.ly/42K21oo
  • Tervo, R. C., Palmer, G., & Redinius, P. (2004). Health professional student attitudes towards people with disability. Clinical Rehabilitation, 18(8), 908–915. https://doi.org/dhbp3z
  • Torres, A. A., González, M. L. G., López, F. P., & Arroyo, J. C. (2019). Atitudes em relação à deficiência em uma universidade mexicana. Revista Brasileira de Educação, 24, Artigo e240023. https://doi.org/j9vr
  • Tracy, J., & Iacono, T. (2008). People with developmental disabilities teaching medical students – Does it make a difference? Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 33(4), 345–348. https://doi.org/cfnnvw
  • Traqueia, A. F. M. M. (2015). Inclusão de estudantes com necessidades especiais no ensino superior [Universidade de Aveiro]. https://bit.ly/42VlQZw
  • World Health Organization. (2008). The global burden of disease: 2004 update. World Health Organization. https://bit.ly/3Mkzn6h
  • Valle, J. W., & Connor, D. J. (2014). Ressignificando a deficiência: Da abordagem social às práticas inclusivas na escola. McGraw Hill.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet