Estudio del material particulado y otros contaminantes atmosfericos en navarra

Abstract

#TITULO: ESTUDIO DEL MATERIAL PARTICULADO Y OTROS CONTAMINANTES ATMOSFÉRICOS EN NAVARRA #RESUMEN: The present work focuses on the study of the air pollution in Navarra, especian y in the characterisation of the atmospheric particulate matter (PM) this área. To achieve this goal, a number of studies were carried out in three backqround monitoring stations, two of them located within the urban áreas of Pamplona and Alsasua and a third one deployed in the rural environment of El Perdón range. The first section, which comprises the period between July and June 2005, was focused on the study/analysis and interpretation of the time series of the levéis of PMlO, 03, NOx and S02 in the atmosphere of Pamplona and Alsasua, with special mention to PMlO. The average levéis of PMlO, NO and N02 in these urban áreas were found to be lower than those reported in other Spanish cities, whereas the concentrations of 03 and S02 were above and comparable, respectively, to those recorded in other spanish cities. No significant exceedance of the limits established by the legislation was recorded for none of the above mentioned pollutants, except for the 03 during 2001. The daily evolution of all the monitored pollutants in both cities was clearly determined by traffic. in the second study, we analyzed the concentration, composition and sources of PMlO in Alsasua (November 2002 - October 2003) as well as the levéis and composition of PM2,5 and its influence on the PMlO (May 2004 -November 2004). The average annual level of PMlO registered in Alsasua during the period of November 2002 - october 2003 by means of the automatic method was 23 ug m-3, a slightly lover valué than that obtained using the gravimetrical method, which averaged 29 ug m-3. Both concentrations were below the range described in other urban background sites in Spain. Using the positive matrix factorization method (PMF), 6 sources with influence on the mass of PMlO were obtained, which explained 97% of the average mass. These sources were: crustal material, secondary sulfate, secondary nitrate, motor vehicles, sea-salt aerosol and metallurgical materials. The contribution in mass of each source to the total mass of PMlO was of 35%, 21%, 14%, 12%, 12% and 3% respectively. The comparative study of PMlO and PM2.5 during the period from May to November 2004 showed that 63% of the mass of PMlO was formed by particulate material of a size below 2,5 uní. The third study was performed during the period from April to October 2003 and consisted in the parallel study of PMlO at the three locations mentioned previously, that is, those of El Perdón, Pamplona and Alsasua. The mean levéis of PMlO registred in Pamplona and Alsasua were identical, with an average valué of 28 ug m-3. As it was expected, the station located at El Perdón (rural) showed lower levéis, with an average concentration of 20 ug m-3. The results al so showed that the portion of particulate material of regional background explained approximately the 70% of the mass determined in Pamplona and Alsasua. Five sources of particulate matter were found to have an influence on the air quality of Pamplona. Such sources explained most (97%) of the measured concentration of PMlO. These sources were: crustal material, secondary sulfate, motor vehicles, anthropogenic-metal and sea-salt aerosol. The contribution in mass of each source to the total mass of PMlO was of 37%, 31%, 17%, 9% and 3% respectively. At El Perdón five sources of particulated matter were found to have an influence in the quality of the atmospheric environment. All these sources explained 96% of the mean PMlO. Such sources were related to the following components: secondary sulfate, crustal material, industrial, sea-salt and wind generator. The contribution in mass of each source to the total mass of PMlO was of 39%, 21%, 19%, 13% and 4% respectively.