Diferenciación de las úlceras en pacientes encamados y con enfermedades crónicas. Influencia de la humedad, fricción, cizalla y presión.

Abstract

The objective of this article is to differentiate the ulcers that usually appear in bedridden patients and with chronic diseases, through of the categories etiologicclinic that the identify and so be able to determine what circumstances must be take into account for its prevention or adequate treatment. Although traditionally were grouped under the heading of "pressure ulcers" (PU), lesions that are typically found in bedridden patients with chronic diseases, can be differentiated into four types, depending on the specific etiologic factor that determines them: 1) Pressure Ulcer, due to increasing pressure on a particular anatomical point, which compresses the skin and tissues against a hard surface. 2) Friction lesion, resulting from the friction/rubbing between the skin and another surface. 3) Shear lesion, whose origin it would be shear intra-tissue. 4) Moisture lesion, caused by the sustained presence of moisture on direct contact with the skin or mucous membranes. The proper assessment of risk factors that, in each case, the patient may present is one of the most relevant actions and which, consequently, will allow establishing the most suitable specific care to prevent or minimize these risk.