Eficacia de las intervenciones de terapia ocupacional en personas con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica: aproximación desde una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Objective: (1) to review and determine the effectiveness of Occupational Therapy interventions for the improvement of functionality in the performance of daily activities in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and (2) to establish its repercussions on quality of life. Method: systematic review of the scientific evidence. The sources of data consulted, between October and December 2016, were: PubMed, Scopus, OTSeeker, Tripdatabase and Cochrane Library Plus, and the key words used: COPD, Occupational Therapy, Activities of daily linning and Quality of life. Clinical trials and systematic reviews to which the full text was accessed, published in English, Spanish and Portuguese, whose objective was directly related to the question of the present review, were included. Results: thirteen articles published between 1996 and 2015 were selected. The main variables analyzed were the quality of life and the degree of independence in the development of daily activities, as well as the influential factors on these characteristics.The Occupational Therapy interventions in this area included: adaptation of the activity and environment, activity training, education and support in self-management, conservation of energy and prescription of support products. Conclusions: the scientific evidence included (level 1a-1b) is highly recommended (grade A) for the application of multidisciplinary interventions in people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, including Occupational Therapy, to improve their quality of life and increase functional independence in daily activities.