Perfiles de regulación emocional y estrés académico en estudiantes de fisioterapia

  1. Ramón González Cabanach 1
  2. Antonio Souto-Gestal 1
  3. Ramón Fernández Cervantes 1
  1. 1 Universidade da Coruña
    info

    Universidade da Coruña

    La Coruña, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01qckj285

Journal:
European journal of education and psychology

ISSN: 1888-8992 1989-2209

Year of publication: 2017

Volume: 10

Issue: 2

Pages: 57-67

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.EJEPS.2017.07.002 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

More publications in: European journal of education and psychology

Abstract

A study was designed with the aim of identifying different profiles of emotional regulation in a sample of university students, and analysing the differences among the identified profiles in relation to stressors perception and psychophysiological stress responses. The participants were 504 Spanish physiotherapy students (74% women) with a mean age of 21.06±3.74 years old, which answered the Difficulty Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Academic Stress Questionnaire (stressors scale [ECEA] and response scale [RCEA]). Based on Cluster analysis, three emotional regulation profiles were identified: students with high emotional regulation profile, students with low emotional regulation profile and students with low emotional regulation but high scores in emotional attention profile. The results indicated statistically significant differences between the emotional regulation profiles in stress apparisals and psychophysiological responses. Succinctly, students with high lesser scores in stress responses. Students with low emotional regulation profile and low emotional regulation but high emotional attention profile showed similar scores, with the exception of sleep disorders. Briefly, physiotherapy students who had higher scores on emotional control and acceptance, perceived the academic setting in a more adaptive way and reported fewer stress responses.

Bibliographic References

  • Abouserie, R. (1994). Sources and levels of stress in relation to locus of control and self esteem in university students. Educational Psychology, 14(3), 323---330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144341940140306
  • Akerjordet, K. y Severinsson, E. (2008). Emotionally intelligent nurse leadership: A literature review study. Journal of Nursing Management, 16(5), 565---577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2008.00893.x
  • Akgun, S. y Ciarrochi, J. (2003). Learned resourcefulness moderates the relationship between academic stress and academic performance. Educational Psychology, 23(3), 287---294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144341032000060129
  • Atherley, A. E., Hambleton, I. R., Unwin, N., George, C., Lashley, P. M. y Taylor, C. G. (2016). Exploring the transition of undergraduate medical students into a clinical clerkship using organizational socialization theory. Perspectives on Medical Education, 5(2), 78---87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40037-015-0241-5
  • Augusto-Landa, J. M., Pulido-Martos, M. y López-Zafra, E. (2010). Emotional intelligence and personality traits as predictors of psychological well-being in Spanish undergraduates. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 38(6), 783---793. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.6.783
  • Barraza, A. (2006). Un modelo conceptual para el estudio del estrés académico. Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala, 9, 110---129.
  • Brougham, R. R., Zail, C. M., Mendoza, C. M. y Miller, J. R. (2009). Stress, sex differences, and coping strategies among college students. Current Psychology, 28(2), 85---97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12144-009-9047-0
  • Cabanach, R. G., Rodríguez, S., Valle, A., Piñeiro, I. y González-Millán, P. G. (2007). Metas académicas y vulnerabilidad al estrés en contextos académicos. Aula Abierta, 36(1---2), 3---16.
  • Cabanach, R. G., Fernández-Cervantes, R. F., González-Doniz, L. y Freire, C. (2010). Estresores académicos percibidos por estudiantes universitarios de ciencias de la salud. Fisioterapia, 32(4), 151---158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ft.2010.01.005
  • Cabanach, R. G., Valle, A., Rodríguez, S., Piñeiro, I. y González, P. (2010). Las creencias motivacionales como factor protector del estrés en estudiantes universitarios. European Journal of Education and Psychology, 3(1), 75---87.
  • Cabanach, R. G., Souto-Gestal, A., Fernández-Cervantes, R. y Freire, C. (2011). Regulación emocional y burnout académico en estudiantes universitarios de Fisioterapia. Revista de Investigación en Educación, 2(9), 7---18.
  • Cabanach, R. G., Souto-Gestal, A., Freire, C. y Ferradás, M. D. M. F. (2014). Relaciones entre autoestima y estresores percibidos en estudiantes universitarios. European Journal of Education and Psychology, 7(1), 43---57.
  • Cabanach, R. G., Souto-Gestal, A. y Franco, V. (2016). Escala de Estresores Académicos para la evaluación de los estresores académicos en estudiantes universitarios. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología y Salud, 7(2), 41---50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rips.2016.05.001
  • Cherry, M. G., Fletcher, I., O’Sullivan, H. y Shaw, N. (2012). What impact do structured educational sessions to increase emotional intelligence have on medical students? BEME Guide No. 17. Medical Teacher, 34(1), 11---19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2011.614293
  • Christopher, G. y Thomas, M. (2009). Social problem solving in chronic fatigue syndrome: Preliminary findings. Stress and Health, 25(2), 161---169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smi.1233
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Díaz-Castela, M. D. M., Hale, W. W., 3rd, Muela, J. A., Espinosa-Fernández, L., Klimstra, T. y García-López, L. J. (2013). The measurement of perceived emotional intelligence for Spanish adolescents with social anxiety disorder symptoms. Anales de Psicología, 29(2), 509---515. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.2.144271
  • Dickerson, S. S. y Kemeny, M. E. (2004). Acute stressors and cortisol responses: A theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research. Psychological Bulletin, 130(3), 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.130.3.355
  • Downey, L. A., Johnston, P. J., Hansen, K., Birney, J. y Stough, C. (2010). Investigating the mediating effects of emotional intelligence and coping on problem behaviours in adolescents. Australian Journal of Psychology, 62(1), 20---29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049530903312873
  • Dyrbye, L. N., Thomas, M. R. y Shanafelt, T. D. (2006). Systematic review of depression, anxiety, and other indicators of psychological distress among US and Canadian medical students. Academic Medicine, 81(4), 354---373.
  • Extremera, N., Durán, A. y Rey, L. (2009). The moderating effect of trait meta-mood and perceived stress on life satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(2), 116---121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.02.007
  • Feldman, L., Goncalves, L., Chacon-Puignau, G., Zaragoza, J., Bagés, N. y de Paulo, J. (2008). Relaciones entre estrés académico, apoyo social, salud mental y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios venezolanos. Universitas Psychologica, 7(3), 739---751.
  • Fernández-Berrocal, P., Extremera, N. y Palomera, R. (2008). Emotional Intelligence as a crucial mental ability on educational context. En A. Valle y J. C. Núñez (Eds.), Handbook of instructional resources and their applications in the classroom (pp. 67---88). New York: Nova.
  • Gázquez, J. J., Pérez-Fuentes, M. C., Díaz-Herrero, Á., García Fernández, J. M. y Inglés, C. J. (2015). Perfiles de inteligencia emocional y conducta social en adolescentes españoles. Psicología Conductual, 23(1), 141---160.
  • Gratz, K. L. y Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41---54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94
  • Hair, J. E., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. y Black, W. C. (1999). Multivariate data analysis (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Hernandez, M. B., Blavo, C., Hardigan, P. C., Perez, A. M. y Hage, K. (2010). Differences in perceived stress, depression, and medical symptoms among medical, nursing, and physician assistant students: a latent class analysis. Annals of Behavioral Science and Medical Education, 16(1), 35---39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03355116
  • Hervás, G. y Jódar, R. (2008). Adaptación al castellano de la Escala de Dificultades en la Regulación Emocional. Clínica y Salud, 19(2), 139---156.
  • Kulikowska, A. y Pokorski, M. (2008). Self-injuries in adolescents: Social competence, emotional intelligence and stigmatization. Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 59(6), 383---392.
  • Loureiro, E., McIntyre, T., Mota-Cardoso, R. y Ferreira, M. A. (2008). The relationship between stress and life-style of students at the Faculty of Medicine of Oporto. Acta Medica Portuguesa, 21(3), 209---214.
  • Lovallo, W. R. y Gerin, W. (2003). Psychophysiological reactivity: Mechanisms and pathways to cardiovascular disease. Psychosomatic Medicine, 65(1), 36---45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.PSY.0000033128.44101.C1
  • Matthews, G., Emo, A. K., Funke, G., Zeidner, M., Roberts, R. D., Costa, P. T., Jr. y Schulze, R. (2006). Emotional intelligence, personality, and task-induced stress. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 12(2), 96---107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1076-898X.12.2.96
  • Mikolajczak, M., Menil, C. y Luminet, O. (2007). Explaining the protective effect of trait emotional intelligence regarding occupational stress: Exploration of emotional labour processes. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(5), 1107---1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2007.01.003
  • Muñoz, F. J. (2004). El estrés académico. Problemas y soluciones desde una perspectiva psicosocial. Huelva: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Huelva.
  • Nelis, D., Quoidbach, J., Mikolajczak, M. y Hansenne, M. (2009). Increasing emotional intelligence: (How) is it possible? Personality and Individual Differences, 47(1), 36---41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.01.046
  • Pastor, D. A., Barron, K. E., Miller, B. J. y Davis, S. L. (2007). A latent profile analysis of college student’s achievement goal orientation. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 32, 8---47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2006.10.003
  • Pau, A., Rowland, M. L., Naidoo, S., AbdulKadir, R., Makrynika, E., Moraru, R. y . . . Croucher, R. (2007). Emotional intelligence and perceived stress in dental undergraduates: A multinational survey. Journal of Dental Education, 71(2), 197---204.
  • Pierceall, E. A. y Keim, M. C. (2007). Stress and coping strategies among community college students. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 31(9), 703---712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10668920600866579
  • Por, J., Barriball, L., Fitzpatrick, J. y Roberts, J. (2011). Emotional intelligence: Its relationship to stress, coping, well-being and professional performance in nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 31(8), 855---860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2010.12.023
  • Radcliffe, C. y Lester, H. (2003). Perceived stress during undergraduate medical training: A qualitative study. Medical Education, 37(1), 32---38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01405.x
  • Rey, L., Extremera, N. y Pena, M. (2011). Perceived emotional intelligence, self-esteem and life satisfaction in adolescents. Psychosocial Intervention, 20(2), 227---234. http://dx.doi.org/10.5093/in2011v20n2a10
  • Rogers, P., Qualter, P., Phelps, G. y Gardner, K. (2006). Belief in the paranormal, coping and emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(6), 1089---1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.04.014
  • Saklofske, D. H., Austin, E. J., Galloway, J. y Davidson, K. (2007). Individual difference correlates of health-related behaviours: Preliminary evidence for links between emotional intelligence and coping. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(3), 491---502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.08.006
  • Salguero, J. M., Palomera, R. y Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2012). Perceived emotional intelligence as predictor of psychological adjustment in adolescents: A 1-year prospective study. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 27(1), 21---34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10212-011-0063-8
  • Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., Goldman, S. L., Turvey, C. y Palfai, T. P. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. En J. W. Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, & health (p. 125-151). Washington: American Psychological Association.
  • Salovey, P., Stroud, L. R., Woolery, A. y Epel, E. S. (2002). Perceived emotional intelligence, stress reactivity, and symptom reports: Further explorations using the trait meta-mood scale. Psychology and Health, 17(5), 611---627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870440290025812
  • Sax, L. J. (1997). Health trends among college freshmen. Journal of American College Health, 45, 252---262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448481.1997.9936895
  • Sax, L. J. (2003). Our incoming students: What are they like? About Campus, 8, 15---20.
  • Stoller, J. K., Taylor, C. A. y Farver, C. F. (2013). Emotional intelligence competencies provide a developmental curriculum for medical training. Medical Teacher, 35(3), 243---247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2012.737964
  • Tucker, B., Jones, S., Mandy, A. y Gupta, R. (2006). Physiotherapy students’ sources of stress, perceived course difficulty, and paid employment: Comparison between Western Australia and United Kingdom. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 22(6), 317---328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593980601059550
  • Valentine, J. C. y Cooper, H. (2003). Effect size substantive interpretation guidelines: Issues in the interpretation of effect sizes. Washington, DC: What Works Clearinghouse.
  • Walsh, J. M., Feeney, C., Hussey, J. y Donnellan, C. (2010). Sources of stress and psychological morbidity among undergraduate physiotherapy students. Physiotherapy, 96(3), 206---212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2010.01.005