Nuevos compuestos de organismos marinos farmacológicamente activos

Abstract

This thesis dissertation describes the isolation, structural determination and pharmacological activities of a several natural products of marine origin. Chapter I. From Briareum sp. gorgonian 1-10 briaranos were isolated. From the sponge Dysidea sp. The new natural compound dysithiazolamida (11) was isolated. From the polychaete annelid Thelepus crispus was isolated a new compound which was named as thelepamide (13). This compound contains a thiazolidinone ring whose subtituents has no precedent in the chemistry of natural products. Chapter II. The viability of aquaculture growing of Acanthella cavernosa was studied by means of cultured organisms cultured. A previous chemical study of the sponge gave the isolation of seven new compounds (14-20). Furthermore a quantitative study of individual sponges of Acanthella cavernosa was done in the laboratory facility for seven months. The sponges grew increasing biomass, cellular material and tissues. Unfortunately the amounts of kalihinane compounds were not enough to be regarded as a production method. Chapter III. In this chapter we study mixtures of compounds whose structures were determined by NMR studies, MS and HPLC-FTMS, without being isolated as pure compounds. From the sponge Jaspis cf. coricea we have identified seven new alkaloids (compounds 24-30) as inseparable mixtures of saturated fatty acid esters of bengazoles. The chemotaxonomic study of tunicates Aplidium meridianium and Aplidium falklandicum, using HPLC technique coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry, allowed to propose alkaloids with meridianins skeleton that had not been published to date. Cytotoxicity was assessed in all isolated compounds but only compounds 7, 13, 30 and 28 showed some activity against various cell lines.