Estudio de caracterización de los pies y análisis de la intervención sanitaria podológica en pacientes con patología psiquiátrica institucionalizados

Abstract

This paper analyzes the podiatric characteristics of a psychiatric disorders patient population inmate in a specialty care center, in order to characterize this population compared to a control population. Foot morphology, digital and forefoot deformities, skin disorders, static and dynamic function, footwear, and psychotropic medication was studied. We considered sex and age of the patients and all of these characteristics were compared with a control population. That way we could have a broad and detailed podiatry overview of all aspects studied, which will allow us to improve podiatric intervention for this specific group and contribute to improving their quality of life. Results: Regarding the morphology of the foot the most common digital formula is the Egyptian in both populations, followed by the square and Greek formula. The pathologies that affect them are digital and forefoot deformities (highlighting the HV, claw toes and mallet toes, which are more incidents in patients taking antiepileptic drugs, antidepressants and antiparkinsonian), the skin disease (highlighting eczema, xerosis and hyperpigmentation also related to the administration of drugs such as hypnotics / sedatives, anticonvulsants, and antiparkinsonian), the onicopatías (highlighting nails with suspected onychomycosis and onychogryphosis regarding antipsychotic) and increased plantar pressures especially in his left foot, and a marked decline in support of his fingers and the slow progress that was more likely in patients with medication. It is important to raise awareness of psychiatric disorders with the importance of external factors such as hygiene habits and shoes.